SCIENTIFIC NAME: Echinacea purpurea 'White Swan'

COMMON NAME: White Swan Coneflower

GARDEN SIZE: 24-36 inches tall x 12-24 inches wide

GROWTH RATE: Moderate

USDA ZONE: 3-8

EXPOSURE: Full Sun

WATER & SOIL: Well-drained soil, average water needs. Suitable for rain gardens.

HABIT (FORM): Upright, rigid, if slender, stems

FOLIAGE: Green

FLOWERS: Drooping white petals and copper central cones. Blooms June-August.

PLANT ORIGIN: Native to Tennessee.

WILDLIFE SUPPORT: Supports local North American bees, lepidoptera (moths and butterflies), and birds (especially finches). Deer resistant.

FERTILIZING: Give a root stimulant or 4-3-3 fertilizer during initial planting, then feed lightly in late winter or early spring with compost or an organic fertilizer.

PRUNING: Cut back to just above soil level in early spring. Give a root stimulant or 4-3-3 fertilizer during initial planting, then feed lightly in late winter or early spring with compost or an organic fertilizer.

TOXICITY FLAGS: Not generally considered toxic to dogs, cats, or horses. Always research further if you have concerns, as reactions can occur with anything.

USES: Borders, containers, meadows, prairies, rain gardens. Cut flowers. Can be massed to good effect in smaller spaces.